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Tradition dictates that the man gets down on one knee and, in a grand and romantic fashion, asks the woman he loves to marry him and presents her with a diamond ring. He gets a wedding band at the exchange of vows, but what about the time in between? Do men wear engagement rings, too?

The answer might actually be a bit more complicated than you would think. Examining the history of the engagement ring will show you that it was originally more about the woman than the man. Regardless, things have changed quite a bit in modern times. Taking a look back and examining how things are now can give you a clearer picture of the relationship between men and engagement rings.

An engagement ring is a ring that shows that the wearer is engaged to be married. It is a popular engagement gift in Western Cultures as can be found in the United States. Today, 80% of betrothed women are given engagement rings to mark the occasion. But where did that tradition come from? It actually has its roots in the distant past.

Historically, the use of wedding rings began with the Egyptians. The circular bands represented eternity. Wearing a round band on one's finger symbolized their commitment to being together forever.

There was also the tradition of paying a dowry in exchange for a woman's hand in marriage. By the 2nd century B.C., the ancient Romans began giving “betrothal rings” instead of high-priced gifts and dowries. This was a physical representation that a woman was “taken” and was meant to show ownership. The engagement ring was born.

Fast-forward to the 1880s when diamonds were discovered in South Africa. Purely a commercial campaign, diamonds began to be marketed as an engagement ring necessity. That is how we get to the engagement rings we are familiar with today. Many engagement rings are quite expensive and very ornate, making it easier for some couples to afford them than others.

In the United States, there was a decline in the popularity of diamond engagement rings after World War 1. It is also good to note that the jewelry industry began to make men's engagement rings in the early 21st century.

Do Men Wear Engagement Rings?

The original engagement rings were meant to convey the “ownership” of a woman. They no longer mean this. What they now represent is that a woman has made a free choice to marry her husband-to-be. The engagement ring now symbolizes love and commitment. Whether men wear engagement rings or not is an entirely personal preference. While the vast majority of men don't wear engagement rings in our society, some choose to do so based on what they believe it represents. It is an outward symbol of an emotional commitment they've already made.

Additionally, today traditional gender roles are more fluid. Women may ask men to marry them, or same-sex couples choose to become engaged with the same long-standing traditions of heterosexual couples. In these circumstances, the engagement ring still stands front and center in the act of proposing marriage, and men may be presented with one to wear during the engagement period.

Clip on earrings are in fact gaining in popularity. There are a number of reasons for this, some are related to advantages recognized for over a century and some that are relevant to fashion as it stands today and as we know, fashion dictates popularity.

We live in a society that thrives on convenience and adaptability. This is no more evident than in the area of technology which includes the internet and the ever growing use of smart phones in our daily lives. This has made the delivery and obtaining of information so much easier such that people in general are better informed and more aware. Of course shopping has become so much easier – we can all shop online anywhere, any time – whilst on the bus or train on the way to work or whilst simply chilling out.

As it is with many products, demand has grown as a result of the convenience factor. So in the case of clip on earrings the awareness and availability factors have grown in recent years. Whilst less than 20% of the female population do not have their ears pierced and hence need to use clip style earrings if they want to adorn their ears, the greater percentage of earring wearers are becoming more aware of clip on earrings which have in the past been somewhat our of the mainstream.

Many online stores selling earrings for pierced ears, whether they be traditional styles like hook or stud or both, are now offering a selection of clip on earrings albeit a reduced range. The sparse availability of clip on earrings has for a long time been disconcerting for those who require them. These women (and indeed some men) have usually had to look hard for stores that stock this style of earring and then have had to settle for the meagre range that has been traditionally available. There are also more specific clip on earrings sites that offer fairly extensive selections.

Back in the 1950's and into the first half of the 1960's clip-on earrings were well and truly in fashion, dictated to a certain degree by hairstyles of the era, lending themselves to showing off the larger heavier earrings that were in fashion at the time, which were unfortunately problematic when it came to the sometimes damage to the earlobe. The hook of these heavy earrings when worn regularly as was often the case could cause the skin of the inner of the pierced hole in the lobe to become irritated causing discomfort. This irritation of the skin could sometimes end up becoming infected which was painful. They even often resulted in an elongation or stretching of the hole or even of the lobe in some cases. This was also the case during the heyday of clip on earrings during the so called roaring twenties during the decade of the 1920's.

So the solution was to wear clip on earrings in these situations. Hence women who had their ears pierced would often wear clip-on earrings as well and typically have a selection of this style in their jewellery box in addition to standard earrings.

The wearing of large and often heavy earrings has somewhat remained a constant through the years when it comes to weddings so it is often that the bride and her bridal party will wear clip on earrings – another reason of course for this is that in a group of bridesmaids there often can be someone who has not had their ears pierced so the solution is for everyone to wear clipons, from the same source, to ensure they all look good.

Large earrings have come into fashion and gone out of fashion at various periods – not unlike many fashion accessories. Over recent years there has been a revival in long dangle earrings, some even far longer than they were in the iconic 1920's – and there is a big trend in tassel style earrings. Both of these fashions are now readily available in clip earrings and as such many women now have the choices that they did not have previously.

Silver stands out as a precious metal, marking its place alongside gold. It also has a lot of uses and applications, especially in jewelry. The earliest uses of silver during the 4th millennium BC were in the form of rings that acted as currency.

Since then, the use of silver passed from one civilization to the next. Starting from Mesopotamia, it soon came to Egypt and then to other civilizations in later eras. Today, wearing silver necklaces and other forms of jewelry became part of fashion as stylish accessories with various forms and styles.

Today, we will look more at the benefits of wearing one. Keep reading to learn why you should buy a necklace today.

Wearing silver necklaces adds a touch to your personality. Jewelry has ways of leaving an impression about you despite its small form. A glimpse at your necklace can tell people much about your fashion sense and style.

For instance, bright and bold colors evoke a colorful personality. Meanwhile, having smaller jewelry pieces denote more of the minimalist mindset and disposition. It even applies to your choice of wearing a silver chain and a matching pendant.

Do you want something that works out as a subtle nod to your personality and style? A silver necklace covers that for you. Pair this with your outfits for parties and you would have a way to accentuate your look.

Your choice of jewelry also helps in highlighting your best features. As for the case with wearing silver necklaces, you bring attention to your neck and face. You highlight your face more with a pair of large earrings while going for a smaller necklace.

During formal events, this becomes an advantage when your dress brings emphasis to certain features due to its cut and fit. Pairing a dress with a silver necklace can add a dash of class to it.

Bracelets became popular as far back as 5000 BCE, in Egypt. There have been bracelets found in Russia that are thought to be over 40,000 years old. Bangles are an important part of some marriage ceremonies throughout the world. While ancient Egyptians wore bracelets on their wrists, it is not thought there was much significance for this other than fashion. Greek soldiers wore leather bracelets to protect their wrists and it became a traditional part of their military uniform. Bracelets were popular for both men and women until The Middle Ages when they became an accessory worn mainly by women. Bracelets re-emerged as an extremely fashionable accessory for women in the 17th century. During the 20th century, men often began wearing bracelets again, although they were typically more simple and singular, whereas many women wore multiple bracelets of all different styles.

RELIGIOUS AND HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE

Bracelets have, throughout history, held a great significance in both secular and religious circles. Bracelets have been worn to guard against evil spirits or the harsh sun, outwardly represent marital status, and in hopes of encouraging winter to turn to spring sooner rather than later. Bracelets have evolved to be a fashion accessory, and even these often hold special meaning for the wearer. Charm bracelets are popular since they can be added to, with each charm representing a special time or person in life. There are bracelets thought to help with healing and prosperity, and a darker part of the history of bracelets concerns those that were worn by slaves to indicate ownership. Bracelets have historically been a way for the upper class to display their wealth and place in society. Today, many wear bracelets that are symbolic of group identity or to represent a cause for which they are passionate. This is a common reason for rubber bands, imprinted with words or symbols, to be worn on the wrist. Jade bracelets are a common accessory in China and are often given as a gift from parents to children to remind them of their protection and love. Around the world, friendship bracelets are a common way for friends to bond. Two friends may exchange matching or similar bracelets made of string and tie these bracelets to each other's wrists symbolizing their bond.

The earliest bracelets were often made of grass, tree limbs, and shells, with some even being made from animal bones or stones. After this, bracelets were commonly made of copper or bronze, and this evolved, after the Bronze Age, into gold and silver. Silver is the most common bracelet material today, but many materials are often inlaid in these, such as gold, bronze, and semi-precious stones. Some bracelets allow the wearer to showcase their birthstone on their wrist, which is a tradition that has lasted since ancient times.

Propane regulators and natural gas regulators are not interchangeable, though they both operate in the same fashion. A natural gas regulator is comprised of five components: set screw, spring, rod, diaphragm and valve.

Are all pressure regulators the same?

Are All Gas Grill Regulators the Same? Every propane gas grill uses an LP regulator, but not all regulators are created equal. Though the purpose is the same, different types of setups require different types of regulators. The type of regulator a grill needs is based on the specific propane application requirements.

Are propane and LPG regulators the same?

Please note that Propane gas cylinders contain considerably greater pressure than Butane cylinders and as a result, regulators are designed for use with either Propane or Butane and are not interchangeable because of their different design pressures and the different connections on the cylinder itself.

Can I use any gas regulator?

Each regulator is designed to fit a specific type of cylinder valve and a regulator that fits one type of valve will not fit any of the others. The valve on Propane cylinders has a screw thread and only accommodates Propane regulators.

How many PSI is a gas grill regulator?

How many PSI is a BBQ regulator? Generally, propane pressure should be between 100 and 200 psi ensures that the liquid propane gas remains in a liquid state.

Are Calor Gas and flogas propane regulators the same?

A. Both Calor and FLOGAS clip-on regulators are low-pressure 21mm. and fully interchangeable.

What regulator do I need for propane?

For your propane tank with fill valve, you most likely need the Camco Horizontal 2-Stage Propane Regulator w/ P.O.L – 160,000 Btu/Hr # CAM59333. This will have the 1/4 inch NPt inlet and the 3/8 NPT outlet and will maintain a constant 11 inch water column propane pressure for your vent-less heater.

Can you use butane instead of propane?

Can I switch from Butane to Propane? … Propane operates at a higher pressure than Butane so it is not possible to use a butane regulator on a propane cylinder and vice versa.

A pressure regulator is a device which controls the pressure of liquids or gases (medium) by reducing a high input pressure to a controlled lower output pressure. They also work to maintain a constant output pressure even when there are fluctuations in the inlet pressure.

Pressure regulators, in various forms, are used in many domestic and industrial applications, like regulating propane used in gas grills, to regulate oxygen in healthcare equipment, to supply compressed air in industrial applications, to regulate fuel in automotive engines and aerospace applications. The main aspect that is common across all these applications is pressure control – from a higher source pressure to a lower output pressure.

Pistons are normally used for high pressures, rugged applications and applications where wider tolerances on the outlet pressure are acceptable. They tend to be sluggish due to friction between the pinion sealing and regulator body.

For higher accuracy, a diaphragm type of sensing element is suitable. They are made of elastomer or a thin disc type of material which is sensitive to changes in pressure. Diaphragms tend to have lower friction than piston type designs. They also provide a higher sensing area, for a given regulator size.

The two LPGes, Butane and Propane, are very similar, and consequently many domestic appliances (e.g. most domestic cookers) are designed to run on either gas, but the standard supply pressure is somewhat different for each gas to accommodate the differences in the characteristics of the two gases. In the case of Butane, the standard supply pressure is 28 mbar (11" water gauge) and for Propane it is 37 mbar (14" water gauge) - regulators that supply either of these pressures are called "low pressure regulators". The appliance itself will have a badge on it identifying what gas and what pressure it is designed for. There are some appliances (not many) designed to work on considerably higher pressures and these use "high pressure regulators", and again these are clearly marked with what gas and what pressure they are designed for.

Each regulator is designed to fit a specific type of cylinder valve and a regulator that fits one type of valve will not fit any of the others. The valve on Propane cylinders has a screw thread and only accommodates Propane regulators.

Butane is supplied by Flogas under two brands, Flogas and Ergas. The Flogas Butane cylinders are yellow and always use a "Jumbo" valve. There are two types of Ergas Butane cylinders: the orange ones have the same "Jumbo" valve as the Flogas cylinders, but the blue/green cylinders have a much narrower "Compact" valve.

High-pressure regulators have a much narrower nozzle than that fitted to low-pressure regulators and use a much narrower hose (see picture below).

A gas pressure regulator is a mechanical device which attaches to the delivery valve on the cylinder. The regulator is designed to work at the maximum pressure for a given cylinder and regulate the output- delivery- to a lower pressure for use. They are equipped with safety devices to limit the release rate of gas if a fault occurs. There are two pressure gauges – one on the cylinder side to indicate the contents pressure and the other on the delivery side. There is an adjustment control to set the delivery pressure to the desired level.

Regulators must be subject to regular inspection and replaced every 5 year for non-corrosive gases. The body of the regulator is stamped for date of manufacture. More frequent replacement cycles are required for corrosive gases.

Where a regulator performs the function of 'flow control' and is not regarded as the primary Protective Device, then it will not be regarded as Primary Regualtor and hence will not subject to the 5 year replacement requirement.

Regulators are designed for a specific type of gas – the correct regulator delivering the correct pressure range must be used on the cylinder.

US Nitrogen Standards

Since May of 2011, our instruments have been designed and engineered to connect directly to a 207 bar/ 3000 psi cylinder. If you bought your instrument prior to this date, the instrument was designed for a US Standard Nitrogen Cylinder. This cylinder is normally delivered with 2500 PSI / 173 Bar pressure or less. You should never need a regulator when operating with either system inside the USA using standard 173 bar service.

Nitrogen Cylinders Outside USA

Since May of 2011 our instruments have been designed and engineered to connect directly to a 207 bar / 3000 psi cylinder. This change was made largely to eliminate the need for a Pressure Regulator. For instruments purchased prior to May of 2011 being used outside of the United States, you should consult your local gas supply (nitrogen) store. Check the local requirements for the use and standards of high pressure gas. A regulator will be needed if the tank pressure is greater than 173 Bar/ 2500 PSI.

Our instruments come with a 6-Foot Filling Hose fitted with a CGA-580 Nitrogen connection (standard for USA) at the end of the hose. Every country has different requirements and possibly different fittings. You may need to buy an adaptor or change the nitrogen fitting for service in your area. We might carry your local fitting in stock. Please contact us directly to check if we carry your nitrogen fitting.

If you need a regulator, there are two types. The first is a High Pressure Regulator with a Supply Pressure of 200 Bar and Delivery Pressure of 0-100 Bar. This type of regulator is designed to be connected directly to your local gas tank (pressure no higher than 207 Bar) and then connected directly to the instrument. The regulator allows you to adjust the pressure to the operating pressure of the Pressure Chamber. We can help modify your 6-Foot Hose to connect to the instrument directly.

The second type of High Pressure Regulator has a Supply Pressure of 200 Bar and Delivery Pressure of 0-173 Bar. This type of regulator is designed to connect to your local tank and trans-fill into one of our Portable Tanks or the internal tank of the Model 610 or Model 615. This regulator is only used during the trans-filling of the tank.

1. WATER-BASED INKS

Although plastisol inks have come a long way in the sense that the vast majority are phthalate-free nowadays, they are still not the most eco-friendly option. Plastisol ink is made by mixing PVC resin and plasticizer together. We won't go too much into the chemistry here, but as you're probably aware, anything plastic-based isn't great for the environment. Water-based inks are much more eco-friendly because they are completely PVC free and, hence the name, water-based; i.e., they have a solvent base consisting of water. They're about as environmentally-responsible as you can get in this business.

If you want to up the environmentally-conscious-ante even more, check out our Eco-Friendly Shirts page for info. There, you'll discover options for finding the right eco-friendly shirt for your project.

2. SOFT HAND

This is just industry jargon for the feel of the print. It means that the print feels soft against your hand. In fact, once a shirt printed with our water-based ink is washed, you can't feel the print on the shirt. The next time you order shirts and want a soft print, use this term instead of feeling like you're at the mechanic trying to replicate the noise your car is making.

3. SHARPER DETAILS

Due to the fact that water-based inks dye the fabric instead of sitting on top of the fabric, as is the case with plastisol, we can hold much finer details. In addition to finer detail, the edges of prints are much sharper as well. If you're like us and salivate over small details in a t-shirt print, water-based inks are definitely up your alley. If you're in the camp of ‘Nah, that's weird,' you can at least rest assured that we really care about the details of the printed shirts that we put out.

4. LONGER-LASTING PRINT

Water-based prints are insurmountably more durable than plastisol prints. Chances are, you have an old shirt laying around that looks cracked and faded from washing it so many times. That, unfortunately, is somewhat just the nature of the beast when it comes to plastisol inks. Of course, proper printing, curing, etc. from any professional printer and proper washing care on your end can help combat that. But, the longevity of plastisol inks will never compare to that of water-based inks. Because these inks dye the fabric, the print actually becomes part of the shirt. That means as long as the shirt holds up, so will the print.

5. IT'S A FREE UPGRADE

You read that right. We offer a FREE upgrade to water-based ink on any order you place. Keep in mind, these inks can be finicky on certain fabrics. We'll let you know if the garment you want doesn't play well with water-based inks.

Along with getting a free upgrade, printing with water-based inks can sometimes save you from paying for another color. If you've ordered shirts in the past, you may know that an underbase is required when printing plastisol on dark garments. If you're unsure about what an underbase is and why it's necessary, you can read up on it here. In short, if you want dark shirts and you go with water-based inks, you'll be able to save on the extra screen required for a plastisol underbase.

All About Printer Ink: Everything You Need To Know

Ink. We need it, we love it. But you've got questions about printer ink. We've got answers all about ink. Here's everything you need to know about printer ink, (but were afraid to ask)!

Ink was created so man could leave a record of his thoughts and ideas. Ink has come a long way from the sooty drawings found on cave walls. Indians were known to use ink in 4th century BC made from burnt bones, pitch, and tar. There is also evidence of ink being used by ancient Chinese civilizations dating back to 256 BC. These early Chinese inks were made from fish glue.

Today, carbon black is still used in the production of many black inks. But the process is far from simple, and it's getting more complicated all the time. Ink and toner cartridges are designed for each specific printer model. HP claims it spends $1 billion every year on researching and developing ink and toner.

The Difference Between Water And Oil Based Polyurethane

How Many Types of Finish Are Out There?

Today, we can roughly divide the floor finishing products into three major groups. First, there are the surface finishes which form a protective film on top of the wood– shellac, varnish, lacquer. The second group consists of penetrating oils and sealers represented by the likes of linseed and tung oils. Third are the wax finishes which are popular among those who prefer more natural solutions with low toxicity.

Now at some point, you may have heard the term 'polyurethane finish' … Wait, what? I thought there were only three types?

Polyurethane isn't really a type of finish but rather an ingredient which, after sufficient drying, forms a plastic resin on the surface of the wood. Thanks to their superior qualities, polyurethane based lacquers and varnishes have become the most popular type of finish today. Shellac, for example, being a natural product, is completely overshadowed and is now used mostly in conjunction with wax by those who prefer natural alternatives.

There are two major types of polyurethane finish. Oil and water based. What are cons and pros of each and in what scenario you should choose one over the other?

Oil-Based Polyurethane

Looks

Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder they say. It's all subjective. Oil based poly offers more colour depth and shine. However, over time, oil poly tends to darken, thus becoming yellow. Some people like that and others don't. This particular feature can make oil based polyurethane unsuitable for certain stain types. If for example, you want a grey stained surface, an oil polyurethane finish will turn yellow with age and ruin the colour.

Durability

Oil-based polyurethane is more durable than his water-based alternative since it contains a significant amount of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Those chemicals make the finish tougher and allow it to last longer. It will need fewer re-applications over the years compared to the water-based version and also offer slightly better resistance to scratches, heat and moisture.

Price

Oil-based polyurethane is cheaper than water-based by a good margin. It will also provide a longer lasting protection which will cut the costs even more.

Here is another detail. It takes more coats of water based poly to reach the same level of toughness compared to the solvent based. If for example, you apply 3 solvent coats, you'll need 4 or 5 water based to get the same level of protection. Since you will need more waterborne finish to cover the same surface this will be naturally reflected in the costs.

Health

Most floor finishing products contain a certain amount of Volatile Organic Compounds. Water-based poly has low VOC content, while oil, also known as solvent based poly has particularly high concentration of those. The quote below is taken from solvent based poly data sheet:

Repeated and prolonged exposure to solvents may lead to permanent brain and nervous system damage. Eye watering, headaches, nausea, dizziness and loss of coordination are signs that solvent levels are too high. Intentional misuse by deliberately concentrating and inhaling the contents may be harmful or fatal.

It sounds scary, right? Yes, those chemicals could be dangerous but the good news is the majority of them are released as fumes during installation and a few weeks after. Oil based polyurethane has a very long curing time. After 48 hours you can walk upon the floor normally with shoes, after 4 days you can move furniture but in order to be safe from the fumes you need around a month.

Now here is the bad part. VOC off-gassing can continue long after the finish has dried. How long depends on the type and concentration of the finish but there are registered cases of it lasting for months or even years. Mind, those off-gasses are supposed to be extremely weak and not having any health impact. However, what will be the effect if you are exposed to this for months and even years? It's really hard to say and we're no doctors to give an opinion on this. Whatever the truth, it is undeniable fact that polyurethane products are allowed by the authorities if they follow certain regulations.

Significance

In contrast to ice, in which each water makes strong hydrogen bonds (SHBs) to four neighbors, we show that upon melting the number of SHBs drops quickly to two in liquid water. These two SHBs couple into chains containing ∼150 waters resembling a branched polymer. The lifetime of each SHB at 298 K is 90.3 fs (11 OH vibrational periods), so the polymer branches evolve dynamically. This dynamics-branched polymer paradigm may explain long-standing puzzles of water, such as the critical point at 227 K in supercooled water (which may correspond to a glass transition caused by an increase in the SHB lifetime). It may explain the observed angular correlations in water that persist for 20 nm.

Abstract

We developed the RexPoN force field for water based entirely on quantum mechanics. It predicts the properties of water extremely accurately, with Tmelt = 273.3 K (273.15 K) and properties at 298 K: ΔHvap = 10.36 kcal/mol (10.52), density = 0.9965 g/cm3 (0.9965), entropy = 68.4 J/mol/K (69.9), and dielectric constant = 76.1 (78.4), where experimental values are in parentheses. Upon heating from 0.0 K (ice) to 273.0 K (still ice), the average number of strong hydrogen bonds (SHBs, rOO ≤ 2.93 Å) decreases from 4.0 to 3.3, but upon melting at 273.5 K, the number of SHBs drops suddenly to 2.3, decreasing slowly to 2.1 at 298 K and 1.6 at 400 K. The lifetime of the SHBs is 90.3 fs at 298 K, increasing monotonically for lower temperature. These SHBs connect to form multibranched polymer chains (151 H2O per chain at 298 K), where branch points have 3 SHBs and termination points have 1 SHB. This dynamic fluctuating branched polymer view of water provides a dramatically modified paradigm for understanding the properties of water. It may explain the 20-nm angular correlation lengths at 298 K and the critical point at 227 K in supercooled water. Indeed, the 15% jump in the SHB lifetime at 227 K suggests that the supercooled critical point may correspond to a phase transition temperature of the dynamic polymer structure. This paradigm for water could have a significant impact on the properties for protein, DNA, and other materials in aqueous media.

As we all become more eco-conscious, selecting paper that's made with the earth in mind is a more important consideration than ever. Mohawk Renewal's line made with hemp, straw and recycled cotton fibers is a logical choice when it comes to paper. But did you know that you can do more with your materials to tell your story and be a steward to our planet? Say hello to eco-friendly inks.

Worldwide, 9 billion pounds of printing inks are used every year. While there are alternatives to the approximately 1.8 billion pounds of petroleum-based pigment contained in all that ink, each comes with its own challenges — especially when it comes to satisfying customers' print needs on press. Here's what you need to know about alternative eco-inks.

Vegetable-based inks, which forego petroleum oil in favor of more sustainable sources like soy, linseed, tung, cottonseed, and china wood oils, have been around for decades. In fact, they were invented in response to an oil crisis in the early 1970's—suddenly, petroleum was in short supply, and ink manufacturers had to get creative.

While vegetable inks, including the most popular variety, soy ink, avoid the environmental pitfalls of using the earth's limited supply of petroleum as an ingredient, they require special knowledge and treatment on press. For example, they often take longer to dry than traditional inks, and they can translate into slightly different shades than their conventional counterparts.

However, the benefits are enormous. Like, when the Los Angeles Times switched to soy ink from the petroleum variety they were using, they won an air quality award for reducing their VOC emissions by 200 tons per year.

It's important to note that while vegetable inks are a step in the right direction, some do still contain petroleum, depending on their formulation. Some may also contain heavy metals. You can ask your printer to help source vegetable-only inks and inks without heavy metals, if that's what you prefer.

Here's the most exciting guide you've been looking for. How to make your dream LED RGB room come to life!

Here, you will find tips on the best place to put your LED strip lights, a step-by-step guide to doing so, and alternate setups.

You can install LED strip lights around your ceiling by measuring ceiling perimeter length, using a high-quality strip with built-in adhesive, and opting to install the strip behind a recession or coving for a beautiful, dramatic yet luxurious lighting effect.

The starting point of your strips really matters because the power outlet will be around that area.

And in case you’re an avid YouTuber or TikToker, then you definitely don’t want unsavory wires showing in your videos.

Otherwise, the wire going up from your power outlet to your LED power supply should be discreet, like behind some furniture or door or near a wall corner.

Alternatively, you can use the cable concealer cover like this one on Amazon.

Once your strip lights are plugged in, you need to decide where they need to be placed on the ceiling.

If you want more of your ceiling lit up, place the strips around 3-5 inches from the ceiling.

If you want more of your wall lit up, place the strips around a foot below the ceiling to allow enough space to glow upwards.

The most ideal way to install LEDs is where their LED individual diodes are not jarringly visible and are hidden while preventing the harsh glare given off the lights from your eyes.

Some ceilings have a built-in recession and are called drop-down ceilings, false ceilings, or suspended ceilings.

There is a small area to insert lights if needed, and in our case, the perfect place to hide exposed LED strips.

How To Install LED Strips On Ceiling: Step By Step Guide

Here’s the step-by-step guide on how to install LED strip lights. However, before you start your process, plug in the LEDs, and check that they are working, then continue the project.

Step #1: Measure your room ceiling’s perimeter, including all the corners and turns along the way. Ensure you also measure the distance from your power outlet if the power supply has a short wire.

Since LED strips come in specific lengths, you can now decide whether you want one or more LED strip reels.

You can easily cut the strips to length if the designated copper cutting points are provided on the reel.

Step #2: For optimal visual appeal and minimum wastage of extra reel or extra wiring, ensure that the power outlet is as close as possible to the source supply that comes with your LED strip reel.

Step #3: Now, to make sure your LED strips last as long as they are designed to, your setup should be well-ventilated with airflow in the room and not stuffed behind bulky furniture or thick curtains.

Also, be sure to use coving that allows good heat dissipation (like aluminum, do not use wood), and is wide and deep enough for ventilation.

Step #4: Here comes the fun part. Sticking it all up! Some high-quality strips come with built-in adhesive on the back of the strips that you peel and stick.

This is a better option as some manufacturers ensure the built-in tape is also designed to carry away excess heat.

Other strips need an external double-sided tape that you need to stick yourself, first to the strip and then to the wall, coving, or ceiling.

This can be a tedious process and may come loose earlier than expected.

However, suppose your ceiling has a porous or textured design. In that case, you need to consider adding external double-tape or wall adhesive to hold it up better.

So how far will it light up? The light spreads. The best way to show that is with the following graphic which shows a 30 Watt and 50 Watt floodlight mounted at 5 meters with a recommended downward tilt angle of 45 degrees.

A floodlight is sometimes used to highlight landscaping or a feature on a home or structure, and it can also be used as a safety feature. Many of today's floodlights operate on a motion sensor, a timing sensor or both. If a floodlight isn't working properly, there are a number of possible reasons. You could have a problem with the settings, the fixture or the bulb.

Step 1

Check that the power is on to the circuit operating the floodlight. Make sure that there is not a light switch controlling the floodlight that is in the wrong position.

Step 2

Change the floodlight bulb. Make sure that you have a bulb of the correct wattage installed.

Step 3

Verify that the controls on the floodlight are set correctly. If you have a motion sensor on your floodlight, it may be set at the wrong level. The sensor control determines how sensitive the floodlight is to motion. The dusk or timer switches, if included, determine at what time the floodlight will turn on and what time it will turn off. Correct the settings and test the light again.

Step 4

Examine the area around the floodlight. Most motion sensor floodlights will not work correctly if they face directly into a reflective surface, if the lens is hit by direct sunlight or if the light is positioned over a heat or air conditioning vent.

Step 5

Turn off the power to the floodlight at the circuit box. Open the head of the floodlight with a screwdriver. Unscrew the wire caps covering the live and neutral wire connections. Verify that there is no loose or disconnected wire. Reassemble the light casing and test the light again. If these steps haven't solved the problem, contact a professional electrician for help.

Using LED lights have many benefits, from being durable to being energy-efficient, LED lights have satisfied each and every requirement. Previously, most of us have used fluorescent lights, but after knowing that it can be really harmful, many of us have switched to LEDs, but still, there are some people who have not switched to LEDs and are using fluorescent tube lights. So, to make you all aware, in this article, we will be telling you some advantages of LED batten lights over fluorescent tube lights, but before starting the comparison between these two, let’s consider some general advantages of switching to

Using LED lights have many benefits, from being durable to being energy-efficient, LED lights have satisfied each and every requirement. Previously, most of us have used fluorescent lights, but after knowing that it can be really harmful, many of us have switched to LEDs, but still, there are some people who have not switched to LEDs and are using fluorescent tube lights. So, to make you all aware, in this article, we will be telling you some advantages of LED batten lights over fluorescent tube lights, but before starting the comparison between these two, let’s consider some general advantages of switching to LED lights. Have a look!

Advantages of switching over to LED lights

• LED lights consume less electricity. It can save up to 80% of your light electricity bill and thus, are energy-efficient

• LEDs maintain a cold temperature. Unlike those old fluorescent lights, LEDs do not heat up. The excessive heat and ultraviolet radiation present can be a hazard to people and materials. Whereas, LED lights emit no ultraviolet radiations

• LED bulbs do not produce blue waves and lets our brain feel relaxed and increases the productivity

• LED lights are durable and can last up to 15 years with the constant amount of light. Unlike other lights, LED never dims with time

• LED lights are environment-friendly as they do not release any harmful gases

Advantages of LED Batten Lights over Fluorescent Tube Lights

LED Batten lights : LED Batten lights are energy-efficient, environment-friendly, produce less heat, maintenance-free and durable as compared to fluorescent tube lights. Also, LED batten lights provide uniform lighting and offer significant savings on account of voltage and less power consumption. The LED technology is more sophisticated than fluorescent, incandescent or halogen lights. They are the future of lighting because of its durability and performance. Given below are some of the advantages of LED batten lights:

1. Requires less current.

2. Higher light output compared to other sources.

3. You can choose the colour.

4. 90% longer lifespan than fluorescent tube lights. And even at the end of their lifespan, you can easily dispose of and there will be no toxic waste left or no special treatment will be required in the procedure.

5. The light remains constant, but you can dim LEDs manually as per your convenience.

6. Energy efficient.

7. No mercury is used.

8. Produce less heat.

9. Environment-friendly, as it does not contain toxic chemicals, which represents virtually no hazard to the surroundings.

10. Best to use in schools, hospitals, factories and residential areas.

11. Flicker-free operation.

12. Virtually zero maintenance costs.

13. Lightweight and sleek design.

The answer to the above question is a definite NO! LED panels consist of many components, and it is the quality of these components that directly affects the performance, lifespan, and of course the price of the LED light panel.

Many LED suppliers make baseless and sometimes false claims about their LED panels. Most suppliers don’t even know what brand of LED chip is being used within the panels they are supplying!

We have decided that you, the customer, should be given a full explanation about how LED light panels are constructed and what effect that construction has on the performance and reliability of these products. This will also help you understand why you will see so many different price variations.

So if you’re looking for commercial LED lighting and think LED panels might be right for you, we have decided to explain each component that is used in the construction of an LED panel light to help you know what to look out for.

If you make your own wine, or simply want to spruce up a wine bottle for a party, you can make wine labels with two Microsoft programs: Microsoft Office and Microsoft Publisher. These programs allow you to customize your own wine labels with text and graphics. Impress your guests with your own bottle of wine customized to suit the theme of the party. Designing your own wine labels is simple after you familiarize yourself with the basics of these programs.

Open the Microsoft Publisher Catalog. Choose "Labels" and then select "Borders Shipping Label." You will see a button that says "Start Wizard." Select this option, and then choose "Finish."

Select the "Business Name" box and hit delete on your keyboard. You will also need to delete the line under the box, and the business logo. If you do not know where the delete button is on your keyboard, simply right-click on each object and select "Cut."

Use the "Label Wizard" box on the left side of your screen. Choose the "Color Scheme" for your wine label.

Choose the "Primary Business Address" box and change the text with the font options located on the tool bar. You can add any text in this box that you will want displayed on the wine label. Try changing the size, color and style of the text to suit the theme of your wine bottle. Once you change the text in the "Primary Business Address" box, select the "Mailing Address" box and elect to change the text. Use the "Text Frame" tool to add any additional text.

Select each box and drag it to the center of your wine label. Insert a picture to your label by selecting the "Insert" menu, selecting "Picture" and clicking "Clip Art." In the search box you can look for clip art to match your wine bottle. Select the image you want, and click "Insert Clip Art." You can change the size of the clip art by dragging any of the corners to resize the image.

Print the wine labels on sticker paper. Select "Print" from the "File Menu." Once the label prints, cut it out with scissors and stick it on to your bottle.

Step 1

Open a new document in Microsoft Word. When the "New Document" window opens, select "Labels" on the left side of the box and choose "Mailing and Shipping" and then click "Business Labels." Select the appropriate size label for your wine bottle.

Step 2

Highlight the text on each label and hit the backspace or delete button on the keyboard. Use the "Tool Bar" to add your own text. You can experiment with the size, color and font style of your text.

Step 3

Choose the "Insert" tab located on the toolbar. Select to insert a "Picture" or "Clip Art." When you select to insert a picture, you will need to locate it on your computer. Once you select to insert clip art, a search box will appear on the right side of the screen. Type any keywords to find the appropriate clip art for the wine label.

Step 4

Use the "Insert" tab to add more details to your wine label. You can add another text box, draw a shape and even add a border and background color to your label.

Step 5

Select "Print" from the "File Menu." Select "Properties" and ensure that you print the label in the highest quality. Once the label prints, cut it out with scissors and stick it onto your wine bottle.

Accurately labeled datasets are the raw material for the machine and deep learning revolution. Vast quantities of data are required to train new generations of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Correctly labelled images train AI systems to reliably distinguish between a stop sign and pedestrian or between a raised hand and a raised gun. Demand for data labeling for vision-based machine learning is therefore growing rapidly. AI developers increasingly need larger training datasets that maintain the accuracy that is so vital for safety and reliability.

How do we go about creating the accurate, scalable datasets that industry needs? To begin answering this question we first need to consider automated data labeling vs manual data labeling. The differences between these approaches to data labeling point the way forward for smart dataset creation.

Automatic Data Labeling: Machines Training Machines

Automatic data labeling processes have the potential to overcome some of the challenges presented by the laborious annotation cycle. After training from a labeled dataset, a machine learning model can be applied to a set of unlabeled data. The model should then be able predict the appropriate labels for the new dataset. Automated data labeling algorithms can be improved via human input. After the AI has labeled the raw data, a human annotator reviews and verifies the labels. Accurately labeled data can then take its place in the training dataset. If the annotator observes mistakes in the labeling they can then proceed to correct it. This corrected data can then also be used to train the labeling AI.

The Auto-label AI is capable of handling the majority of easily identified labels. This has the advantage of greatly speeding up the initial labeling stage. However, automated data labeling still produces a significant amount of errors that could prove costly when fed through to an AI model.

Manual data labeling generally means individual annotators identifying objects in images or video frames. These annotators comb through hundreds of thousands of images hoping to construct comprehensive, quality AI training data. Specific labeling techniques are applied to the raw data depending on the needs of the developer. These techniques include:

• Bounding box annotation: A rectangle is drawn around the object in the image allowing an AI to recognise/avoid it. This technique is more common due to its relative simplicity and is therefore more cost effective.

• Polygon annotation: In this case the annotator is required to plot vertices around an object in order to more accurately capture its shape.

• Semantic segmentation: This is a technique used for grouping together objects in an image e.g. separating roads from buildings. This type of labeling is more precise and therefore more difficult.

• Manual data labeling has the potential to be somewhat labour intensive. Each instance of labeling may take seconds but the multiplicative effect of thousands of images could create a backlog and impede a project. This is why many AI developers are opting to use professional data annotation services, such as Keymakr, to produce their machine learning datasets. A managed workforce of experienced annotators is able to scale manual data labeling to the demands of any project. Significant advancements have been made with automated labeling algorithms. However, well-trained human annotators remain the go-to when it comes to precision and quality in training datasets. Manual labeling is able to capture the edge cases that automated systems continue to miss, and knowledgeable human managers are able to ensure quality across huge volumes of data.

1. Discuss the following with your counselor:

1. What art is and what some of the different forms of art are

2. The importance of art to humankind

3. What art means to you and how art can make you feel

2. Discuss with your counselor the following terms and elements of art: line, value, shape, form, space, color, and texture. Show examples of each element.

3. Discuss with your counselor the six principles of design: rhythm, balance, proportion, variety, emphasis, and unity.

4. Render a subject of your choice in FOUR of these ways:

1. Pen and ink,

2. Watercolors,

3. Pencil,

4. Pastels,

5. Oil paints,

6. Tempera,

7. Acrylics,

8. Charcoal

9. Computer drawing or painting

5. Do ONE of the following:
   

1. Design something useful. Make a sketch or model of your design. With your counselor's approval, create a promotional piece for the item using a picture or pictures.

2. Tell a story with a picture or pictures or using a 3-D rendering.

3. Design a logo. Share your design with your counselor and explain the significance of your logo. Then, with your parent's permission and your counselor's approval, put your logo on Scout equipment, furniture, ceramics, or fabric.

6. With your parent's permission and your counselor's approval, visit a museum, art exhibit, art gallery, artists' co-op, or artist's workshop. Find out about the art displayed or created there. Discuss what you learn with your counselor.

7. Find out about three career opportunities in art. Pick one and find out the education, training, and experience required for this profession. Discuss this with your counselor, and explain why this profession might interest you.

8. 
   

Compression springs ;are coil springs that hold mechanical energy in their compressed states. When these springs experience a compression load, they compress and become shorter, capturing and storing significant potential force. Once the load is diminished or removed, the stored energy forces the springs back to their original shapes and lengths.

Compression springs are helical—i.e., spiral-like—springs. When force isn’t applied to them, they demonstrate an open-coiled design. However, as pressure presses down along the axis of the spring, the coils push tighter against each other. This effect shortens the length of the spring and stores energy. Once the pressure ceases, the stored energy returns the spring to its original height.

The types of compression springs available include:

Convex springs

Convex springs (i.e., barrel-shaped springs) have coils with larger diameters in the middle of the spring and coils with smaller diameters on both ends. This design allows the coils to fit within each other when the spring is compressed. Manufacturers use convex springs in applications that require more stability and resistance to surging as the springs decompress. Most applications that use them are in the automotive, furniture, and toy industries.

Concave springs

Concave springs (i.e., hourglass springs) have narrower coils in the middle of the spring than on either end. The symmetrical shape helps ensure the springs stay centered over a particular point.

Conical springs

Conical springs (i.e., tapered springs) are shaped like cones. One end has a larger diameter than the other, and the coils throughout the spring provide a gradual taper or change in size. Some conical springs have enough change in diameter from the coil to the coil so that each coil fits into the previous one.

Straight coil springs

In these springs, every coil has the same diameter. Straight coils are some of the most common springs in use.

Variable pitch springs

Variable pitch springs have different distances between each coil up and down the length of the spring.

Volute springs

These springs are cone-shaped. However, instead of having wire coils, the coils are formed from a curved sheet of metal or other material.

Extension springs ;store energy and exert a pulling force between two mechanisms. When mechanisms separate, the extension spring tries to bring them together again. Extension springs use round wire to create a close-wound design with initial tension.

How Extension Springs Work

An extension spring’s ends attach between two mechanisms. The extension springs hooks and loops store and absorbs energy. Through hooks or loops, an extension spring provides return force to connected mechanisms. Tightly wound extension springs typically sit in the no-load position. More stress in the end hooks—as opposed to the spring body—limits the performance of extension springs.

Common Applications of Extension Springs

Extension springs use a variety of hook or loop end configurations to fit specific functions. Extension spring ends include threaded inserts, extended twist loops, crossover center loops, hooks, expanded eyes, reduced eyes, rectangular ends, and teardrop-shaped ends. Modify the length of hooks and the spring body distance for customized extension spring fits and functions. Find extension springs in a variety of everyday items, from garage doors to tools to washing machines to toys. The variety in size makes extension springs versatile as they are used in small medical devices and off-road machinery. ;

A torsion spring ;is a component made from an elastic material that, when twisted, exerts a moment resisting the rotation. Common types of torsion springs include helical torsion springs, torsion bars, and spiral wound torsion springs.

Helical torsion springs are made from a material, typically sprung steel spring wire, and formed into a helix. At each end, the helix extends to form two straight legs through which the torque is applied. A circular mandrill inside the coil, or a circular housing around the coil, is used to retail the position of the spring. The legs typically extend tangentially, which results in the lowest stresses. However, radial and axial legs are also used at times.

Helical torsion springs are used in a wide range of applications, with wire diameters ranging from fractions of a millimeter to over an inch. Light-duty torsion springs are typically used as return springs in electrical devices, whereas heavy-duty springs are used in applications such as folding seats and door returns

Torsion bars are simply straight bars of elastic material that can be twisted to their elastic limit. Torsion bars of typically constructed from steel or rubber. They are often used for heavy-duty applications, such as the suspension of trucks and tanks. ;

Torsion bar suspension is extremely durable because of its mechanical simplicity. It is also compact and allows for easy adjustments. Very light-duty torsion bars may require tension to generate a restoring torque, which is referred to as a torsion fiber.

A spiral wound torsion spring is formed from a spring wire, or more commonly a thin strip of sprung steel, coiled into a flat spiral. This configuration allows large angular deflections of many revolutions, with relatively little variation in torque during the movement. Spiral wound torsion springs are, therefore, used in clockwork devices, clocks, and other devices that require energy to be stored and consistently released in this way.

Power springs are a special type of spiral wound spring that can exert a consistent torque over many revolutions, they are sometimes referred to as clock springs or motor springs. Power springs are wound tightly within a case to provide a high energy density. ;

Wire forms ;are finished-shaped wire that has been manufactured from wire spools into a specified configuration. They can take nearly any form, often featuring springs with custom ends, and can range in size from very small to very large. Essentially a wire form is a length of wire that has had an exterior force applied to it in order to create a specific shape designed for a specific job.

The wire form can be bent, cut, cut with angles, wound right/left, shaped with closed coils, can have additional pieces added to it, and just about anything that a customer can think of. Because of the versatility of wire forms, it is not an exaggeration to say that they can be found, in one form or another, in almost every industry.

Conical coil springs ;are basically compression springs coiled in increasing or decreasing outer diameters thus making their shape a cone or tapered one. These springs tend to reduce the solid height and provide stability.

Conical coil springs are also known as tapered springs or cone springs. One of the advantages of tapered springs is that they provide stability to those sprigs that have a large slenderness ratio. The slenderness ratio defines whether the spring will bend or buckle during compression/deflection. A high slenderness ratio means that the compression spring's free length is more than 4 times larger in comparison to the outer diameter. In other words, it has a 4 to 1 ratio. Its length is too long in proportion to its outer diameter and this, by laws of physics, will cause the spring to deform when it travels down to a desired solid height. Now let's move on to the other benefit of conical compression springs; the reduction of the solid height.

Due to its tapered cone shape, some cone springs have the diameters adjusted to a point where they'll perform a telescope effect when deflecting. The way to do this is by making sure that the inner diameter into which the next coil will compress is larger than the next coil's outer diameter. This will cause the smaller coil's outer diameter to compress into the larger coil's inner diameter. If the spring has enough elasticity to compress to solid height, your spring's solid height will be the size of the wire diameter since it will compress down to the last coil. If you don't need such a small solid height, the smaller coil's outer diameter doesn't necessarily have to be smaller than the larger coil's inner diameter since we are using a round wire. As you can see from the image to the right, the round wire still allows some telescope effect, giving you more travel space and a smaller solid height. This reduces the solid height as well but it will not produce a full telescope effect where the solid height equals your wire diameter.

Introduction of PCBA

A Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA) is a piece of electrical equipment that supports and connects the electrical and electronic components. It uses conductive tracks, pads, and features that are etched from copper layers, laminated on or between the sheet layers of a substrate that is non-conductive. The components are usually soldered on the PCB to connect them electrically and mechanically.

How to Get a Custom PCBA

Step1. The first step in designing a custom PCB is in creating a schematic view. ;

The required component is placed on a canvas and their pins are connected with lines that represent the electrical connections. The components usually are taken from a component library which is a part of the design software.

There may be multiple variations of the same components depending upon the type of package being used e.g. dual inline package or a surface mounted chip. The packages may seem the same in the schematic view but are very different in the layout view where the board is actually designed.

Apart from the components and their electrical connections, power, and ground signals are also needed. Also, connectors have to be placed on the PCB to make a place for power and ground. The board also needs to be connected to external devices such as potentiometers and LEDs etc.

Step 2. Once everything is placed in its place, an electric rule check is run to ensure no evident faults. ;

These may include breaks in wires or connections or any missing connection to ground or power etc. Once the schematic is done, the board layout view is checked.

Step 3. The components are moved at proper places that make good sense.

Step 4. For the board production, signals are assigned to each layer and varying signals on a single layer cannot touch.

Step 5. After the signals are laid, a design rule check needs to run to ensure proper placement of holes, traces, etc. These rules can be customized as well.

Step 6. If the design is approved, the design files can be uploaded. ;

Computer-controlled and wheel-based, automatic guided vehicles (AGV) are load carriers that travel along the floor of a facility without an onboard operator or driver. Their movement is directed by a combination of software and sensor-based guidance systems. Because they move on a predictable path with precisely controlled acceleration and deceleration and include automatic obstacle detection bumpers, AGV ;provides safe movement of loads. Typical AGV applications include transportation of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods in support of manufacturing production lines, and storage/retrieval or other movements in support of picking in warehousing and distribution applications.

What Is an Automatic Guided Vehicle?

There are several types of AGVs. These include:

Automated carts - The simplest kind of AGV with minimal features for the lowest cost implementation.

Unit load AGVs - Individual vehicles that transport loads (typically pallets, bins, carts, or bundles) on forks or on the AGV's deck. Roll-handling AGVs specifically handle heavy rolls of steel or paper.

Tugger AGVs – Powered units pulling a series of non-motorized trailers that each carries a load.

Automated forklift AGVs - An existing forklift truck whose controls have been converted to allow unmanned operation

Typically battery-powered, AGV systems consist of multiple vehicles that navigate along pre-defined guide paths. Vehicles navigate in the facility using several guidance technologies including floor-surface mounted magnetic tape or bars, lasers, optical sensors, and magnet/gyroscope-based inertial guidance. These guidance technologies make it easy to change the routes and expand the AGV system in response to facility changes for a flexible and scalable material handling solution.

For real-time control and monitoring of multiple AGVs, computer-based software uses wireless connections to collect data about each unit’s current location, then interfaces with software for destination and routing logic. The software directs the vehicles' travel by wirelessly communicating specific tasks to the AGVs via radio frequency (RF). Instructions include stops, starts, changing speed, lifting, lowering, multi-point turns, reverses, diverging from the guide path, and interfacing with other material handling equipment and systems—both automated and static.

If you're searching for a fast, accurate, and reliable alternative to regular automated guided vehicles (AGVs), you may want to consider upgrading to laser-guided vehicles (LGVs). LGVs are a type of AGV that is equipped with a Laser Navigation Triangulation system, the same type of navigation technology that’s commonly used in automated forklifts. This means they navigate using a laser positioning system, unlike older iterations of AGVs, which usually rely on a sensor or software-based guidance system. Laser Guide AGVs ;may be the key to boosting your warehouse's efficiency, but to reap their benefits, you need to know what they are and how they work. So, what is a laser-guided vehicle, and what kind of benefits do they provide?

What Are Laser Guide AGVs? How Do They Work?

LGVs are AGVs with Laser Navigation Triangulation. They navigate their way around the warehouse using a laser positioning system. They have one or more two-dimensional navigation lasers, which are referred to as either a Navigation Device or Laser Emitter. These navigation lasers are elevated anywhere from 10 to 15 feet in the air and spin at several revolutions per second. The rotating sensors emit a continuous, fan-shaped beam of modulated light, which interacts with reflective strips of tape that are installed on the floor of the warehouse. These reflectors can be either flat or cylindrical, both of which have their own benefits and advantages. The LGV uses the signals it receives from the reflectors to triangulate the vehicle’s position. Depending on the manufacturer, some devices will calculate and correct their positioning 30 to 40 times per second. This makes them highly accurate and reduces the need for corrections.

The Advantages of Laser Guided Vehicles

Now that you're familiar with what a laser-guided vehicle is, you’d probably like to learn more about its benefits. LGVs are flexible, fast, and efficient. They can make a valuable addition to your warehouse if you need speed and accuracy or have a complex system with more than one destination and track. Additionally:

They're quick and easy to install. The installation isn't invasive, either. All you'll need to do is place reflectors around the facility. This means that LGVs won't affect the neatness of your warehouse.

They're incredibly accurate. The positioning algorithms are very advanced and allow for a position accuracy of + 5 mm.

They're fast. A high-speed LGV can reach up to 6.5/sec.

They're easy to maintain. The only regular maintenance you'll have to perform is keeping the reflectors clean.

They're easy to modify. You can quickly and easily change routes by modifying the software.

Magnetic Stripe Guide AGV is using soft magnetic backing material coated with rubber. It is mainly used as a ground magnetic navigation line to guide the operation of automatic navigation vehicle AGV, automatic trolley AGC, and trackless mobile shelves.

Applications & Instructions of AGV Navigation Magnetic Stripe Tape

Magnetic Stripe Guide AGV is mainly used as a ground magnetic navigation line to guide the operation of automatic navigation vehicle AGV, automatic trolley AGC, and trackless mobile shelves.

Patch-type magnetic strip tape

The floor is kept dry and free of dust. After the adhesive film is torn open, it is attached to the ground and kept for 8 hours to work( the imported glue for 12 hours ).

Buried magnetic strip tape

The ground needs to be slotted, and a 0.55mm error is reserved. The embedded magnetic strip tape is embedded and the work is completed. ;

QR code AGV logistics robots are intelligent warehouse materials handling robots developed by IKV. Their speed can reach 80m/min. are capable to transport the materials on the shelves from the huge storage areas to the designated places according to orders, facilitating operators to carry the secondary sorting and packaging out of the warehouse. The robots not only effectively improve the efficiency of warehouse inbound and outbound, but also reduce labor and error rates, and save operating costs.

Capture the spirit of the season with this inviting feel good accord. The fragrance unfolds with a zesty, uplifting fusion of citrus, orange, and lemon while the heart of jasmine and fresh pine is embraced by the warmth of cinnamon, clove, and ginger. All of this gently descends onto a sensuous fond of woods and musk.

Our A Merry Morning Pet perfume ;is a great after-bath time scent for use between washes for the just-washed fresh smell, a perfect pet perfume for male and female animals. Use as a finishing spray after a grooming session and between bathing to freshen the coat.

Pawlicious Pet Perfumes not only smells great but also contain added conditioner to nourish and protect the coat and antibacterial properties that ensure the coat is clean and made from only the best quality fragrance oils.

Perfect for your furry friends who like to roll in stinky stuff (even fox poo)! Or for when you need to clean the animal and shampoo and water aren't an option, spray onto the coat and brush or rub through to remove the dirt whilst the formula cleans, nourishes, and leaves a delightful scent.

As used by groomers who return pets to their owners with that freshly groomed scent, you can now keep that just groomed feeling until the next visit to the groomer.

We have a huge range of beautiful fragrances so you can match your furry best friend to its ideal scent.

How to use:

Simply apply lightly through a dry coat as required, or after a grooming session as a finishing spray. Do not spray directly at the eyes, mouth, or ears.

All malicious pet products are manufactured in the UK to the highest standards using Pure Scented cosmetic grade ingredients, if we wouldn’t put it on ourselves, we wouldn't put it on our pets!

All label information required for CLP is provided when you buy the product to create your labels

Bathe your dog with dog perfume. Arm & Hammer uses the power of baking soda to refresh a stinky coat and eliminate odor. The baking soda dissolves into fine particles, getting into hard-to-reach areas, resulting in a deeper clean. This shampoo will make bath time a pleasant experience for you and your pet and is safe to use with topical flea and tick treatments. Our odor eliminator sprays for dogs are a combination of odor eliminators and a fresh kiwi blossom scent to work hard on one job: getting rid of even the smelliest odors. Our formula is gentle enough for all dogs and puppies to use, and leaves behind a sweet smell that they'll love! It is effective whether you need to eliminate wet dog odor (use liberally and comb through gently) or if you need to deodorize dry dog scent (for short-haired dogs, spray the Arm & Hammer deodorizing spray into your hand then lightly massage into the coat). This product works on virtually any dog--even dogs with sensitive skin--and it is made with all-natural ingredients. This comes with 2, 8 oz bottles of our super deodorizing spray for pets. DIRECTIONS: Spray dog from back of ears to tail, carefully avoiding eyes. Massage into the coat. Repeat as necessary. Can be used on wet or dry fur. For external use only. INGREDIENTS: Water, Coconut Based Surfactants, Sodium Bicarbonate, Actinidia Chinensis (Kiwi) Fruit Extract, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Flower Extract, Honey, Rosmarinus Officinal (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Verbena Officinalis Flower Extract, Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Peel Oil, Yogurt Extract, Glycerin, Disodium EDTA, Fragrance, DMDM Hydantoin. WARNINGS: For external use only. Safe for dogs 8 weeks of age and older. Avoid contact with eyes. Keep out of reach of children.

New fur parents might feel the need to shower their puppy often because of their oily and sticky coats. However, a proper dry clean with Pet Dry Cleaning Treatment Powder; when done right, can even remove the poo stains on their fur and eye discharge.

How to dry clean your dog's coat

To remove excess sebum from the coat:

Instead of showering your dog, you can opt to dry clean their fur. You just need to sprinkle the dry cleaning powder evenly on the coat and brush it layer by layer with a slicker brush. Use your left hand to hold the coat and right hand to brush it forward slowly, so that the root of the fur is brushed thoroughly. The dirt, sebum, and tangled hair will be removed and fluffiness will return.

To remove poo stains from the coat:

If there are minor poo stains on the coat, instead of wiping it with a wet tissue or wet cloth, dry cleaning powder could be more effective and less messy. Because the dry powder won’t moisten and spread the area of the stain. But of course, if it’s a case of serious diarrhea, then a proper water shampoo bath is required.

To dry clean the face area:

When dry cleaning the face area, cover the eyes with your palm and sprinkle the dry cleaning powder onto the face so that the eyes, nose, and mouth are protected. When brushing the face area, you can use a pin comb instead.

With extensive knowledge from the most experienced veterinarians, pharmacists, and chemists, BIOGANCE? has created pet care products that are made with premium organic ingredients. These pet shampoos ;are made to be pet and environmentally friendly. To add on, they are free of paraben phenoxyethanol and animal oils, allowing your canine and feline friends to maintain their skin and coat health.

It is essential to care for your pet's hygiene as their skin and coat help to protect against infection and shield them from harmful environmental elements. Other than ensuring that your pet has a healthy diet, skincare plays a huge role in determining their skin and coat health as well. With the best pet care products, BIOGANCE? is sure to satisfy your pet's skincare needs. ;

Our best pet conditioner, the Warren London 844178 Hydrating Butter Conditioner, is the top choice we could find on the market. It’s a leave-in conditioner. Once your dog is out of the bath and towel-dried, you can run the conditioner through the hair as directed and allow it to dry. There is no rinsing out required.

Not only does it aid in coat smoothness—but it also helps with itchy, dry skin. If your dog is prone to excessive itchiness from allergies or other irritants, it’s a great idea to alleviate some of that annoyance. It’s gentle enough to use in between baths, too. So, if your dog is getting a little dry, you can apply as needed. If your dog has particular skin sensitivities, you may want to read the ingredients just to be safe.

You can use Warren London for any coat type on any breed. It smells refreshing as well, having an aromatic benefit. You can apply this between baths to refresh the scent of the coat as well. You get pretty much everything you could need in a dog hair conditioner. It's hydrating, fragrant, and soothing at a price that won't break the bank.

If you're looking for a pet smoothing hair conditioner ;that covers all bases but don’t want to pay more for your pet’s conditioner than your own, this may work for you. The Veterinary Formula FG01250 Moisturizing Conditioner is our best dog conditioner for the money. It’s affordable and has many of the same benefits as our number one.

You can buy this as a conditioner you can use with any shampoo or in combination with their shampoo brand. It’s specially designed with sensitive skin in mind. It has a pleasant smell with a patented fragrance of raspberry tea and pomegranate. It’s mainly formulated with oatmeal and jojoba oil, which soothes the skin and leaves lasting moisture from bath to bath.

This isn’t a leave-in conditioner like our first choice, so you can’t use it in between baths. But it does hydrate your pup’s hair, leaving it soft, sweet-smelling, and shiny. Veterinary Formula makes it its mission to provide pet owners with quality products at affordable prices. So, if you want value and savings, this is the best option on our list.

MCB is the abbreviation of Miniature Circuit Breaker, and some people call it Micro Circuit Breaker or small Circuit Breaker. Due to various reasons, such as incorrect connection or over-current conditions, a short circuit or overload may occur in the circuit. MCB is similar to a fuse. The only difference is that the fuse needs to be replaced after it is blown, while the miniature circuit breaker can be easily reset by clicking or pressing a button when overloaded.

What is AC MCB?

Alternating current, also known as 60hz or 60 cycles per second, is what drives the power grid. The voltage alternates between +V and -V, changing 60 times per second. A voltage of 0 volts occurs 60 times per second at a certain point. The AC miniature circuit breaker will disconnect at this 0v point, extinguish the arc, and protect the circuit from excessive current.

There are many types of AC miniature circuit breakers on the market. However, the correct MCB should be selected according to the place of use.

Because AC currents alternate and their values are zero during each cycle, arc interruption is relatively simple. In every country, the number of alternating current cycles per second has been standardized, and in most cases, it is 60 Hz or 50 Hz. The grid usually provides alternating current, while specialized industrial or battery applications often use direct current.

What are MCCBs? Molded Case Circuit Breaker, MCCB, is an electrical protection device to protect electrical circuits from damage by overcurrent. Prevents overload, short circuits, and switching of circuits. About ComPact Molded Case Circuit Breakers, MCCB. Protect cables sized for 100A to 3200 A. They now come in various sizes, intelligent metering and monitoring, and with integrated earth leakage protection. Their highest breaking capacities allow them to protect also smaller cables when connected close to a powerful energy source. As one pillar of digitally connected power distributions (EcoStruxure Power), ComPact breakers take part in energy consumption and asset management optimization. Benefit from 65 years of technological leadership, and rely on proven quality, opted for even in most demanding environments. How do MCCBs work? MCCB uses a temperature-sensitive device, also known as a temperature element, with a current-sensitive electromagnetic device, also known as a magnetic element, to provide the trip mechanism for protection and isolation purposes. With this, it can ensure overload protection, prevent short circuits,s and act as an electrical disconnector switch.

Surge Protective Devices are designed to protect against transient surge conditions. Large single surge events, such as lightning, can reach hundreds of thousands of volts and can cause immediate or intermittent equipment failure. However, lightning and utility power anomalies only account for 20% of transient surges. The remaining 80% of surge activity is produced internally. Although these surges may be smaller in magnitude, they occur more frequently and with continuous exposure can degrade sensitive electronic equipment within the facility.

LSP has a comprehensive line of AC SPD to meet your needs, regardless of the exposure risk. They help reduce costly downtime and protect sensitive electronic equipment against the damaging effects of transients caused by lightning surge current, utility switching, internal load switching, and more. Each unit is independently tested and backed by the largest engineering and technical support in the industry.

LSP is a real AC&DC surge protection device (SPD) manufacturer, that also provides OEM/ODM service. some of the products approved by TUV, CB, CE, and EAC according to IEC 61643-11:2011 and EN 61643-11:2012.

AC SPD voltage (Un): 60Vac, 120Vac, 230Vac, 400Vac, 480VAc, 690Vac, 900Vac

AC SPD voltage (Uc): 75Vac, 150Vac, 275Vac, 320VAc, 385Vac, 440Vac, 600Vac, 750Vac, 1000Vac

A knife switch ;is a type of switch used to control the flow of electricity in a circuit. It is composed of a hinge that allows a metal lever, or knife, to be lifted from or inserted into a slot or jaw. The hinge and jaw are both fixed to an insulated base, and the knife has an insulated handle to grip at one end. Current flows through the switch when the knife is pushed into the jaw. Knife switches can take several forms, including single throw, in which the "knife" engages with only a single slot, and double throw, in which the knife hinge is placed between two slots and can engage with either one. Also, multiple knives may be attached to a single handle and can be used to activate more than one circuit simultaneously.

Low-voltage automatic transfer switch ;assemblies provide a reliable means of transferring essential load connections between primary and alternate sources of electrical power. Data centers, hospitals, factories, and a wide range of other facility types that require continuous or near-continuous uptime typically utilize an emergency (alternate) power source such as a generator or a backup utility feed when their normal (primary) power source becomes unavailable. ;

A typical transfer sequence includes:

1. The normal utility power source fails.

2. The transfer switch shifts the load to the emergency power source when power from the generator or backup utility feed is stable and within prescribed voltage and frequency tolerances. Depending on a facility’s needs and preferences, the transfer process is self-acting or manually initiated.

3. The transfer switch returns the load from the emergency power source to the normal power source when utility power is restored. The retransfer process is self-acting or manually initiated.

Reliable, durable, and safe. Perfect for your application.

These products are used for the connection of equipment in all kinds of applications where it needs to be possible to connect and disconnect. ABB Industrial plugs ;and sockets are chosen when safety, reliability, and durability are requested.

Reliable contacts prevent stops and power breaks, which leads to increased productivity.

Durable equipment prevents time and cost lost due to maintenance.

Safe connections prevent accidents. ;

We have divided our range of industrial plugs and sockets into four groups:

Easy & Safe are high-quality products for basic applications.

Tough & Safe are products for demanding applications and environments.

Critical & Safe are sockets with additional safety functions.

Fast & Safe are industrial plugs, connectors, inlets, and socket-outlets with screwless terminal connectors

Reliable, Safe, and with short downtime. ABB Plugs & Sockets

Benefits of igus connectors

High-performance connectors, signal connectors, and several thousands of connector components – the range of industrial connectors ;in stock allow igus to provide a high level of availability with short delivery times.

Best of Both: recyclable industry

igus cable harnessing with industrial plug-in connectors by HARTING

Hard rectangular connectors made easy: automated igus recyclable cable harnessing of durable chainflex cables with the very robust HARTING industrial plug-in connectors.

Whether harnessed control cables within 24 hours from stock or individually tailored solutions from batch size 1 - the thoroughly tested chainflex cable quality combined with the HARTING types of connector Han 3A, 6B, 10B, 16B, and 24B as a ready-to-connect readycable solution for industrial applications, helps save costs for time-consuming cable harnessing of the individual plug-in connectors and guarantees reliable and durable components.

Product description: The automatic recovery over under voltage protector ;complies with modular design standards. the circuit boards of products adopt good quality electronic components.

Features:

1. over-voltage protection threshold adjustable, user-friendly environment according to the real-time voltage protection range. Effective protection of the user loads the safe operation of electrical appliances.

2. the line occurred when the over-voltage cut off the line in time, the line voltage returned to normal when the delay automatically connected to the line, without manual operation.

3. the line due to large capacitive or inductive load instantaneous start and stop caused by transient over-voltage or short-term interruption, the protector does not malfunction and can absorb instantaneous lightning surge voltage, with a certain lightning protection function.

4. the protector itself has a high voltage withstand capacity, line fault voltage continues to 440V, the protector can safely protect the function itself will not be damaged.

An office chair, or desk chair, is a type of chair that is designed for use at a desk in an office. It is usually a swivel chair, with a set of wheels for mobility and adjustable height. Modern office chairs typically use a single, distinctive load-bearing leg (often called a gas lift), which is positioned underneath the chair seat. Near the floor, this leg spreads out into several smaller feet, which are often wheeled and called casters. Office chairs were developed around the mid-19th century as more workers spent their shifts sitting at a desk, leading to the adoption of several features not found on other chairs.

Types

There are multiple kinds of office chairs designed to suit different needs. The most basic is the task chair, which typically does not offer lumbar support or a headrest. These chairs generally cannot be sat in for more than a couple of hours at a time without becoming uncomfortable, though they often offer more room to move than higher-end chairs.

The Aeron by Herman Miller.

Mid-back chairs offer fuller back support, and with the right ergonomic design, can be sat in for four hours at a time or longer. High-end chairs in this category, such as the Herman Miller Aeron and the Steelcase Leap are comfortable for long periods. Some mid-back chairs in particular offer customization options that can allow for a headrest to be added. Executive or full-back chairs offer full back and head support. Many executive chairs are designed to be sat in for eight or more hours at a time. These are typically the most expensive office chairs.

Mesh office chairs, as the name suggests, are made of mesh fabric. Like their leather counterparts, mesh office chairs are made of other materials as well, such as metal or heavy-duty plastic. Only the backrest of most mesh office chairs is made of mesh fabric.

Mesh itself isn't a specific type of fabric. The term “mesh” simply refers to any fabric featuring multiple strands of connected fibers, resulting in a webbing-like appearance. The individual fibers are woven or otherwise joined to create a breathable mesh fabric. This fabric is then stretched out and secured to the backrest of an office chair.

Although there are exceptions, most mesh office chairs are made of one or more synthetic fabrics like polyethylene, nylon, or polypropylene. The individual strains of fibers are then connected to create the mesh fabric, which is used to make the backrest of mesh office chairs.

The benefits of a mesh office chair

Research shows working in a hot office lowers productivity. When you feel uncomfortably hot, your work output will decrease. While using a mesh office chair won't directly affect the temperature of your office, it can still help you beat the heat by promoting airflow. The heat produced by your body – the average person produces about 250 and 400 British Thermal Units (BTU) of heat – can escape through the chair's mesh backrest. If you choose a different type of office chair, though, your body heat will remain trapped, which may cause you to feel hot. Mesh office chairs provide a cooler and more comfortable seating solution than other types of office chairs by promoting airflow.

If you're on a tight budget, a mesh office chair might be the answer. Mesh office chairs typically cost less than leather office chairs. You can find a variety of high-quality mesh office chairs available for just $200 to $300, making them a smart choice for budget-conscious consumers and businesses.

With their mesh construction, mesh office chairs are lighter than other types of office chairs. As a result, you can easily lift and move them around your office.

It's also worth noting that mesh office chairs have a smaller and more compact design than leather office chairs. Even if your office workstation has limited space, you shouldn't have trouble adding a mesh office chair to it. They aren't as bulky as other types of office chairs. With their small and compact design, you can easily add a mesh office chair to most workstations.

Furthermore, mesh office chairs are less vulnerable to scratches than leather office chairs. The seat and armrests can still develop scratches, but the mesh backrest is nearly immune to scratches. You can use a mesh office chair for eight or more hours a day, and the backrest won't develop scratches.

Fabric Chairs

Fabric office chairs are one of the most common choices for computer chairs. They're comfortable, easy to maintain, and come in a wide variety of colors and patterns that make it easy to match your existing decor.

One drawback to fabric chairs is that they don't allow air to flow as freely as much as a mesh chair would, making them more susceptible to holding in moisture and odors. If you do your best to avoid bringing drinks to your desk that could possibly spill, choosing a fabric chair should be no problem.

You may or may not be aware of the serious health implications of prolonged sitting, and why this is a cause for concern for all of us who spend 30+ hours sitting at our work desks every single week. Sitting down causes a number of stresses in our bodies, especially our spines, and this has recently begun to be more recognized by health professionals and is the main reason for the sudden boom of ergonomic office chairs.

What does the term ‘Ergonomic’ mean?

Ergonomics is a science, also known as human engineering or biotechnology. ; The discipline involves looking at how objects can be designed and/or arranged to best complement easy and safe human interaction. An ergonomic chair, for example, is a chair that has been designed to best support the human body, including considerations like posture, comfort, support, and health.

What makes a chair ‘Ergonomic’?

Ergonomic office chairs have a number of features designed to improve your posture and offer correct support, but they only do half the job.

Regulates the height of the adjustable lumbar support office chair. Easily adjusts to enhance comfort.

Benefits:

The lower (lumbar) region of the spine should generally have an inward curve (lordosis). This curve is minimized when seated, placing extra stress on the lower vertebrae.

A properly positioned lumbar support delivers external pressure to the lower back, helping the spine retain some of its natural curves when seated, and alleviating stress on the vertebrae.

How To Use:

To raise the lumbar support, lift up the two levers on the back of the chair. The lumbar support will "ratchet" through its range of motion. Adjust height as recommended.

To lower the lumbar support, raise it to the full height and the support will release and can then be lowered to the desired position.

Recommended Position:

Position the lumbar support so that the forward-most point on the support is placing gentle pressure on the lower 5 vertebrae on the spine.

Working in an office typically involves spending a great deal of time sitting in an office chair - a position that adds stress to the structures in the spine. Therefore, to avoid developing or compounding back problems, it's important to have an office chair that's ergonomic that supports the lower back, and promotes good posture.

What Kind of Ergonomic Office Chair is Best?

There are many types of ergonomic chairs available for use in the office. No one type of office chair is necessarily the best, but there are some things that are very important to look for in a good ergonomic office chair. These things will allow the individual user to make the chair work well for his or her specific needs.

What Features Should a Good Ergonomic Office Chair Possess?

First considering the "conventional" style of office chair, there are a number of things an ergonomic chair should have, including:

Seat height: Office chair seat height should be easily adjustable. A pneumatic adjustment lever is the easiest way to do this. A seat height that ranges from about 16 to 21 inches off the floor should work for most people. This allows the user to have his or her feet flat on the floor, with thighs horizontal and arms even with the height of the desk.

Seat width and depth: The seat should have enough width and depth to support any user comfortably. Usually, 17-20 inches wide is the standard. The depth (from front to the back of the seat) needs to be enough so that the user can sit with his or her back against the backrest of the ergonomic office chair while leaving approximately 2 to 4 inches between the back of the knees and the seat of the chair. The forward or backward tilt of the seat should be adjustable.